The problem here is that GotG 2 takes place in late 2014, only a few months after the first film. If anything, this really ought to have been referenced in season two of AoS (though maybe not, since Talbot's "eluded us for a whole winter" line actually seems to imply the season began in spring of 2015, rather than fall of 2014). Or why hasn't anyone in the films mentioned this peculiar incident in the year and a half since it occurred?

Of course, the reason neither of these things happened is that the story for Guardians 2 (including this scene) hadn't been written yet, so technically this might actually be an MCU plot hole, depending on whether or not you consider this large enough of an event to have been mentioned by someone at some point.