Frederick James Karlin (June 16, 1936 – March 26, 2004) was an American trumpeter, songwriter, and composer for film and television. Karlin's film scores included The Sterile Cuckoo (1969), The Babymaker (1970), The Little Ark (1972), Westworld (1973), Mixed Company (1974), Mastermind (1976), Futureworld (1976), Greased Lightning (1977), Ravagers (1979), Cloud Dancer (1980), and Strawberry Road (1991). For the film Lovers and Other Strangers (1970), he won the Academy Award for Best Original Song with "For All We Know", which was also a hit for the Carpenters.

Karlin also worked extensively in television, especially composing music for television movies. His compositions were nominated for an Emmy Award eleven times, and he won for The Autobiography of Miss Jane Pittman in 1974.