Mt. Ontake is located on the border of Nagano and Gifu prefectures. Standing 3,067 meters above sea level, it is a popular daytrip hiking spot for mountain enthusiasts. Mt. Ontake was crowded with climbers around noon during a September vacation season, when the sudden stream-driven "phreatic eruption" occurred. Many climbers panicked as they encountered this unexpected natural phenomenon. Why couldn't this eruption be predicted? According to experts, there are 3 main types of volcanic eruptions, and the warning signs of phreatic eruptions are the hardest to detect. Now researchers are making advances to detect the slightest signs of an eruption using observation satellites and chemical approaches. Find out the latest on the research of volcanic predictions.

In recent years, heavy snow has been falling frequently in Japan. While the overall amount of snowfall per winter has been decreasing year by year, the amount of snow that falls at one time is conversely increasing. What role does climate change play in this? It turns out that rising temperatures have led to more water vapor in the Sea of Japan, and interaction with a weather phenomenon called JPCZ has subsequently brought on heavy snow. We'll examine the mechanism behind this as well as the risks of snow disasters.