Localized torrential rain is occurring with greater frequency in Japan. Flash floods from the heavy rain not only cause rivers to overflow but threaten homes and human life. This kind of weather has been difficult to predict, given the short timeframe between the formation of cumulonimbus clouds and the onset of rain. Yet a new type of radar called "phased-array radar" and a simulation using a Japanese supercomputer have been developed to forecast local downpours 10 minutes in advance. In this episode, we'll take a closer look at how the latest technology is being used to forecast localized torrential rain and protect lives.

Mt. Fuji has been an object of faith for many Japanese. On the other hand, it has also caused numerous disasters with repeated eruptions. According to a simulation released by the Japanese government in March 2021, the next eruption could cause up to 10cm of volcanic ash to accumulate in Tokyo, about 100km away, within a few hours. Volcanic ash contains small jagged pieces of volcanic glass that can cause severe eye pain. Furthermore, volcanic ash can become electrically conductive when it absorbs rain, damaging power grids and triggering power outages. Moreover, it is expected to cripple the transport system, including automobiles, trains and airplanes, leading to significant damage in the urban areas. What can we do to prepare for the eruption of Mt. Fuji? Find out the things you can do in your daily life to protect yourself from volcanic disasters.

As a natural threat that can suddenly occur any time of the year at nearly any place around the world, lightning is formidable. Despite humanity's long history with lightning, there's still a surprising amount of misinformation about what to do during a thunderstorm. In this episode, leading Japanese experts on lightning will help us sort the facts from the myths, and show us new 3D imaging techniques that can trace the exact path taken by a lightning strike, which is expected to improve our predictions of when and where lightning will strike.

What is a human stampede? It is a disaster in which people are so crowded together that they push and squeeze against each other, making it hard to breathe. It can also cause a person to fall, triggering a domino effect that results in casualties. In the past, human stampedes have taken the lives of countless people. In Japan, there is a high risk of a mega-quake hitting directly beneath the Tokyo metropolitan area in the near future. If this occurs, up to 8 million people are expected to be stranded in the city, creating a high possibility of human stampedes. What can we do to prevent casualties? Find out about the latest research on crowd safety.

More than 10 typhoons hit the Japanese archipelago in an average year. Their strong winds and heavy rains can cause flooding and landslides, even toppling buildings. To minimize such damage, Japan is working to further improve its predictions and monitoring of typhoon activity. But, accurately predicting a typhoon's changing strength is particularly challenging. To address this, researchers now fly a plane into the eye of a typhoon to measure the actual atmospheric conditions directly on-site. In this episode, we learn more about flying into these fierce typhoons.